15-14: From Vision to Practical and Cost Effective Design

A major Middle East Fertilizer Plant, with a long history of successfully reusing water in open evaporative cooling systems, had a mission to further reduce water consumption, effluent discharge and operating costs. Various approaches were proposed and appraised. This paper discusses options available for applicable approaches to reduce water consumption, effluent and operating cost; with an ultimate aim to achieve the vision of Zero Liquid Discharge.